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<citations>
  <patent-citations>
    <patcit load-source="docdb" ucid="WO-1994005639-A1">
      <document-id format="epo">
        <country>WO</country>
        <doc-number>1994005639</doc-number>
        <kind>A1</kind>
      </document-id>
      <sources>
        <source name="SEA" created-by-npl="N"/>
      </sources>
    </patcit>
  </patent-citations> 
  <non-patent-citations>
    <nplcit>
      <text>Cerovsky a kol. (2008) Peptides 29, 992-1003</text>
      <sources>
        <source load-source="docdb"/>
      </sources>
    </nplcit>
    <nplcit>
      <text>Krishnakumari a Nagaraj (1997) J. Peptide Res. 50, 88-93</text>
      <sources>
        <source load-source="docdb"/>
      </sources>
    </nplcit>
    <nplcit>
      <text>Kuhn-Nentwig (2003) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 60, 2651-2668</text>
      <sources>
        <source load-source="docdb"/>
      </sources>
    </nplcit>
    <nplcit>
      <text>Otvos a kol. (2000) J. Peptide Sci. 6, 497-511</text>
      <sources>
        <source load-source="docdb"/>
      </sources>
    </nplcit>
  </non-patent-citations>
</citations>


Citations are provided for EP and WO, and for all searches made at the EPO (for BE, CH, EP, FR, GB, NL, TR), as well as for US from 1948 and DE from 1965.

Citations are reported with the document to which they are related.


Element

Description

source name

Indicates when or by whom the citation was made. See Citation Sources for a list of sources.

source category

Indicates the relevance of the citation. See Citation Source Categories for a list of categories.

 

patent-citations/patcit

AttributeDescription
dnumDocument number
dnum-typeDocument number type. Populated with "application" if the citation refers to an application. If no dnum-type is present, then the citation is referencing a publication.

Element

INID

Description

country

56

Country is represented by a standard 2-character code based on WIPO ST.3.

doc-number

56

doc-number is generally provided in DocDB-normalized format. An exception to this is made for WO documents, where the doc-number is normalized to YYYYnnnnnn. 
Patent document numbering is a complex subject, as the examples below illustrate:

 

Patent AuthorityPatent Number
US3732068
 RE31783
US (Plant)5382
US (Design)D436240
EP0129539
WO1985000002
JP60000013
 2006000022
DE3244404


For a complete discussion of document numbers over time and over multiple authorities, see: Number format concordance - publication numbers at 
https://www.epo.org/searching-for-patents/helpful-resources/data/tables/regular.html.

kind

56

Kind code

rel-passage56Relevant passage within cited document

 

non-patent-citations/nplcit

Element

INID

Description

Example

text

56

Unstructured: the text may be a bibliographic reference to a book, journal, thesis, etc.; a reference to a database record; or a "See also" reference to a related publication.

RADLER et al., "Structure of DNA-Cationic Liposome Complexes: DNA Intercalation in Multilamellar Membranes in Distinct Interhelical Packing Regimes", SCIENCE, 07 February 1997, Vol. 275, pages 810-814, XP002924042.

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